Slash Update!

Artist's impression of me writing reviews seperatly! 

As I stressed myself half silly with a job application and spent most of Easter being on my hols, I have got a little behind on my reviews especially as I have binge read Alessandra Hazard to the point of four books not reviewed. As I am trying to write more reviews, and for the sake of my sanity, I am going to do a multi review to split on Goodreads.  

Yes, I am aware that these books are a little problematic at times, by their very nature, but I don't consider them reality or a blueprint for relationships, so I can't really see the harm. Anyway, on to the reviews.

Just a Bit Unhealthy
Number 3 in the series, this moves to the UK for the tale of Gabe, a straight football star obsessed with Jared, his gay physiotherapist. Although Gabe had a girlfriend, he can't be separated from Jared and treats him like an extension of himself, which inevitably messes with Jared's head. Gabe is a bit of a spoilt brat who must have his own way, to the point that he strings Jared along promising a physical relationship without the sex, just kissing and cuddling. I thought this was a slightly weaker story in terms of the erotic content because Gabe spends a long time convincing himself of a physical relationship. And whilst the intense co-dependency is explored, Gabe ultimately doesn't seem to grow as a person, just admits he's gay. I suppose I wanted him to become a little more independent.

Just a Bit Wrong
Number 4 in the series. Gabe's brother, Tristan is also a top football player at the same club, but he's gay (although hiding it because of his career). Jared's friend Zach is the straight physio assigned to help him, but Tristan is having none of it. He's the enfant terrible of the football club who treats Gabe and his poor assistant like dirt. Zach on the other hand has an open relationship with his fiancé and no intention of putting up with Tristan's nonsense. In the course of the physio they discover that Tristan enjoys being spanked and Zach enjoys spanking him, which was very hot. I probably would have liked more spanking! Zach develops a kind of obsession which he is advised to 'get out of system' by actually having sex with Tristan which is a rather bad idea. Unethical physio and poor advice aside, I enjoyed it, particularly the introduction of Zach's family. And Tristan does grow as a person.

Just a Bit Confusing
Number 5 is another slow burner. Gay, closed James has been friends with Zach's brother Ryan forever. Born into a privileged family, he fears to tell his parents about his sexuality and has to watch his best friend and obsession Ryan kissing his girlfriend in front of him. They have a weird relationship where Ryan has a thing about cuddling James like a Teddy bear, but thinks of James as his brother. Poor old James spends much of the book moping, and Ryan's poor girlfriend gets dumped so that James won't stop being Ryan's friend. I have to say, Ryan was right be freaked out by some of James's antics, although at the same time he probably should have let James go or at least stop with the physical stuff if they were going to have a platonic friendship. All that anger and freaking out about the sexual stuff didn't do either of them any good.

Just a Bit Ruthless
Book 6. James's friend Like, who is gay, gets kidnapped after trying to impress his father in Russia. James is so busy mopping about Ryan he doesn't actually notice Like going missing. The kidnapper is a straight Russian mafioso with a grudge against Luke's father, a wealthy scumbag. At first, Like is subjected to beatings and starvation, but Roman realises that he can use Luke to get to his father so moves him to his room. This is not a book I'd put in the angst category, not after reading Sloane's stuff. Roman is surpringly open minded for a homophobic Russian mafioso and encourages Luke to stop thinking about who he should be to please his father. I loved the way Roman and Luke blossom in this book, Roman allows Luke to express his flamboyant side and Luke makes Roman care. However, if dub con is not your thing, or you object to Like looking like a teenager (although he's 23) then this won't be for you.

Region 6 by Ian James Krender

Reading alternative history books, a genre I enjoy, the most important thing is to create a believable set up. I think Krender's set up is believable and he creates a vivid dystopian alternative timeline where the Nazis have won the war and have turned 1980s Britain into Region 6, an entirely Nazi controlled outpost where the populace are controlled with water additives to affect behaviour and the people who are not affiliated with the occupiers live and work in dreadful conditions. The story follows Thomas, who is one of the people who lives in a slum and works in a TV factory, and Stephen who has wealthy parents who gift him Nazi party membership for his birthday. Stephen has a good education, living parents and a good life but both men are struggling with forbidden homosexuality. When Thomas becomes involved in a resistance organisation, Stephen is sent to investigate him and the two men form a relationship.

This is not a particularly detailed depiction of their relationship and there are no sex scenes as such. I thought the characters well drawn and their motives well thought out. Thomas in particular is a character who is a bit rough around the edges and seems believable. I liked the way that the resistance fighters were depicted, and it made me think about how we consider terrorists. The plot is good too, although I think the end seemed a little rushed. Overall though I thought this was a very promising novel and I would read more by the author.

#guiltyreadingpleasures

Only kidding, I don't think we should feel ashamed of what we read (except tentacle porn 😉). I'm just talking about the go to books when you can't face anything else. Sometimes it's re-reads for me, but most often it’s m/m fiction from Kindle Unlimited, oozing with angst and sexy times! My favourite author is Sloane Kennedy, but I will read anything that takes my fancy. I don’t take it too seriously though, as with all romantic fiction it has it’s cliches (I constantly roll my eyes at how easy it is to find the prostate). My ratings are based on what I enjoy the best of the genre. IMHO don’t bother rating it if you are just going to sneer at it!

This Saturday was a slash fiction kind of day so I took the opportunity to try a new author, in this case Alessandra Hazard’s Straight Guys series. Short novels linked to one another on the theme of straight men realising they are attracted to men.

Just a Bit Twisted is the tale of Shawn, a college boy who has been left to look after his two four year old twin sister’s since his parents died. He somehow ends up pimping himself to his professor, the chilly Derek Rutledge. Okay, so the beginnings of their relationship does require some suspension of disbelief as Derek puts himself in an incredibly dangerous position but hell I liked both the characters and what she did with them, and I thought the sex was hot! Shawn struggles with his attraction but continually tries to act in a dignified way, especially about the money. The story is from his point of view but we do get to explore why Derek is so cold and against relationships. It left me wanting more. The only criticism I really had was the absence of proper lube in the sex!

Just a Bit Obsessed is the tale of Alexander who is pretty much forced into a threesome with his girlfriend and Christian (friends with Shawn from book 1 of Straight Guys). His girlfriend is bizarre and completely self-obsessed, Alexander REALLY DOESN’T WANT to do a threesome, he has some major issues with his father staying with his mother whilst still dicking around with men. He’s a bit of a control freak too. Yet she still forces him into it as she has a crush on Christian. She’s majorly turned on when he finally loosens up enough to kiss Christian then is surprised when it all goes sour and he only has eyes for the other man! Good characters, some hot sex and it left me wanting more.

Mona Lisas and Little White Lies

This is a gentle romance with a well written although ultimately rather passive female lead. Although Lily has unknowingly been placed on a pedestal by Ryder, she defies expectations by being a motor mechanic who is treated as 'one of the boys’ by the men she works mkwith. She seems to feel rather awkward in expressing her femininity, she doesn't wear makeup, finds it difficult to flirt and is obsessed with cars. Her date with Evan is an example of how awkward she feels, he takes her to an expensive restaurant where she is unsure of what she's wearing and how to behave. The author has a very delicate way of showing how Lily feels and who she is, she's a very nuanced character.

She's very passive during dates with Evan and she constantly worries about ‘keeping her slim figure’. Her relationships are unequal conversations are one sided. When she meets Ryder he doesn't ask her anything about herself except what she does which she lies about. When he asks her about her childhood dreams she describes wanting to be a beautiful doll.

Ryder had told her he knew everything he needed to know because he knew her deep down. He’d promised. Lily had tried to tell him more, but he didn’t seem interested in knowing more.

I think that the portrayal of the relationship could possibly be the weakest part of the book, probably due to Lily's self esteem issues. She just seems to spend her time asking her boyfriends about themselves and mentally not believing herself worthy. This is problematic as potentially she is looking for self worth by finding a boyfriend. There is part of me that wishes we could have had more of Lily discovering her fabulousness with Aaron and Brooke, but the novel was too short and focussed on the relationship with Ryder. It's a sweet, romantic novel but by no means that steamy. It gets a wouldn't make Grandma blush rating.

Brighton Rock by Graham Greene (spoilers)

This was the first Greene novel I’ve read and certainly won’t be the last. I loved the lyricism of the writing, the plot was gripping and the characters were really well written.  The story is about Pinkie, a young gang leader who tires to seduce and marry a young girl whom he fears will give away his alibi, pursued by Ida, who investigates him and tries to prevent him from marrying Rose.  It’s one of those books I would like to re-read or even study in a bit more depth, but at the same time I found it quite hard writing this review, even though I felt so enthusiastic about it. 

Love this image (link)

 Pinkie is a disturbing anti-hero, yet it is still possible for the reader to feel some sort of sympathy for him given his background and experiences and the fact that everything he tries to do fails. He can be completely cold and feels only repulsion for Rose because of witnessing his parent’s sexual intercourse. He has some twisted ideas about Roman Catholicism, believing that it doesn’t matter how evil he behaves in life, he can still be saved if he repents at the point of death ‘betwixt the stirrup and the ground’. He sees his marriage as a mortal sin, and although he is completely horrified by the idea of sex, he refuses to get married in church as he feels that it will not be a proper wedding if they get married in a registry office. 

Rose could be described as a passive, innocent character in the way that she falls under Pinkie’s attempt to seduce her, but in other ways she seems to realise that she has some power over him and wilfully ignores the signs that he is disgusted by her. There is a sense that she is trying to get away from her parents and takes the only way out that she can find, by marrying the first man who asks her. There is quite a disturbing passage in the book where Pinkie, who needs her parent’s consent because they are both underage, buys her off her parents who don’t seem to care very much about her. He believes that he is taking her in, but she seems to know very well what is happening and why he suddenly pays her attention. She forces him to make a recording for her of his voice so that she can keep it for later, one of the tragic elements of the novel is that she doesn’t realise that although he tells her that he has recorded a loving message, he has really recorded a horrible message for her which she will presumably listen to after his death. 

Ida, is an appealing investigator and almost the complete opposite of Pinkie. Whereas Rose and Pinkie are Roam Catholic, Ida has no real faith, just a belief in the power of ‘Right’ and ‘Wrong’ and a belief in life after death in that she perform séances. She is a sensual woman who enjoys sex, likes a drink and enjoys her food, whereas Pinkie has few pleasures.  

Brighton is vividly described, acting as an appropriately sleazy backdrop to the story, representing heaven and hell.

Pinkie falls over the cliff in the course of trying to escape the police, having failed to convince Rose to commit suicide. It is a bleak ending; Rose seeks absolution from a priest and convinces herself that she has salvaged something from her love for Pinkie through her pregnancy and the love she believes he has confessed on the recording, the reader knows that she has deluded herself. It is left to the reader to fill in the blanks –Is Rose really pregnant? What will happen to her when she listens to the recording?

Swann’s Way Part 6 – The novel’s close

Ivan Kramskoy painting, Bois de Boulangne

The final part seemed quite short compared to some of the parts I’ve written about. It’s at this point that I began to truly appreciate Proust’s mastery in the way that he completes the novel bringing everything together. I can see some of the themes and the motifs that he has used more clearly here, particularly how each of the characters play different roles throughout the novel, and how Swann’s experience is reflected by that of the narrator. 

The point of view is returned to the narrator who is a young man, on the cusp of adulthood. He has returned to Paris where he lives with his parents and Francois. Although he is not exactly a perfect specimen of manhood, he seems a little more confident and dreams of travelling away from Combrey. Combrey is an important location in the novel which represents different things, for example, it represents a place of security to Swann, a place where he can go to where he can recover from his relationship with Odette, and to the narrator I think it represents his childhood which he is slowly leaving behind him. 

Part of this is the proposed travel plans. The theme of duality is present here in the way that the narrator separates the way he imagines places from the places themselves, pointing out that they are completely different. He opens the chapter describing a room that he has visited in Balbec sometime in the past, but it is not at the moment he is describing, as he is prevented from travelling by an illness and is forced to confine himself to wandering around the Champs-Elysees with Francoise.

Balbec is associated in his mind with storms. Nature is another reoccurring motif in this chapter, and is associated with sex and with the transition into adulthood. The narrator longs to witness the storms as an example of something real and genuine as opposed to created by man. Legradin further improves if by describing its historical attraction, which the narrator asks Swann about. The imagery of fisherman living as they had always lived and of the Gothic church that Swann describes further sparks his imagination, and he day-dreams about taking the train to see Balbec. 

His desire is replaced when his parent offer to take him to Italy. Whereas Balbec is associated with storms, Italy is associated with sunshine and flowers (particularly lilies), and with architecture. The names take on a significance which is not related to how the places that he later visit really are. However, he is too ill to be able to travel, or to be able to do anything that excites him such as going to the theatre. He can only walk around the Champs-Elysee, a place which he cannot imagine anything about. 

On one of his visits he encounters Gilberte, Swann’s daughter. He immediately begins to obsess over her, and tries to meet her at every opportunity. She is not that attached to him at first, it is like she is an Odette in training in the way that his obsession and her indifference mirrors Swan and Odette’s romance. The narrator is already the type of person to obsess over people (hence his obsession with his mother kissing him in the night), now he transfers it to Gilberte. She meets a mysterious older woman who asks about her mother and sits reading the newspaper watching her grandchildren. The woman re-occurs several times in the narrative.

Gilberte doesn’t tell the narrator that she loves him, much to his despair. In fact, she compares him with other boys and can be cold towards him. He finds that the picture he has in his head of her is different to the way she really is. She buys him a marble the colour of her eyes to remind him of her, as well as an out-of-print pamphlet. He experiences a kind of doubling; there is a sense of multiple Gilbertes representing different things.

The narrator encounters her father, who is no longer friendly with “Marcel’s” parents. Whilst Swann is welcome at Combrey, I think his parents fear that inviting him will lead to his wife joining him, and besides, he has a bad reputation in Paris. He is fascinated by M. Swann, who doesn’t really recognise him (however, the narrator is quite embarrassed by his former behaviour in trying to force his mother to come up to see him).

He convinces himself that Gilberte is going to write a letter to him confessing her love and why she can’t tell him, she has to keep it a secret. Like Swann, he dreams of a woman who can be beside him, helping him with his work. He tries to get his parents to talk about Swann and particularly Gilberte’s friend, the mysterious lady. He has assumed that she is upper class (‘…she must at least me an Ambassador’s widow, if not actually a Highness’ p390) but his mother tells him that’s Mme. Blatin, a widow of a bailiff, and his mother had encountered her at his gymnastic lessons, where she kept bothering his mother. “She is, really, a horrible woman, frightfully vulgar, and besides, she is always creating awkward situations.” (ibid). His parents are unimpressed with his attempts to emulate Swann and lack of interest in anything but Swann, and he also becomes obsessed with Mme. Swann.

He witnesses the effects that her notoriety has on her in the way that she avoids speaking to anyone in the street although many men recognise her. She dresses too expensively, and behaves like she thinks she’s the queen, which draws attention to her. She has different faces for different men. She seems to want to be noticed, but doesn’t want to recognise it. People talk about her. 

His burgeoning sexuality is associated with his spying on Odette in the Bois de Boulogne, which in turn is associated with the jungle and other types of wild foliage such as trees and large red flowers. The trees represent women, hence the narrator’s association with the trees and the dryad. There is also something mysterious and sensual about the trees. He later remembers the park and the splendour of the carriages and the way that people dressed, comparing it unfavourable with the modern dress and motor cars. Like Swann, he longs to share a cup of tea with a sympathetic woman, but the houses that he remembers longing to visit have gone. 

The way that the novel concludes is perfect in its symmetry as the older narrator remembers how his younger self obsessed over Odette/Gilberte (I think that these two characters are doubled, as is the young narrator and Swann).

Swann’s Way Part 5 – Another unfortunate party

So, I left off with Swann still obsessing over Odette despite the Verdurins best efforts to separate them. She’s busy not only completely taking him for granted but also having affairs with other men. Swann stops meeting her at the Verdurin’s, now that the first flush of love is over he remembers that he hates them to the point of comparing their parties to the Dante’s last circle of hell. In return, Mme Verdurin thinks he’s ‘”too deadly for words, a stupid, ill-bred boor”’.  

He gets angry with her for having no taste and for lying to him. She puts on weight and grows less attractive but he loves her even more. She begins to go off on some little trips with the Verdurins where they try to persuade her to stay overnight and she refuses to send any messages to Swann, evidently attempting to stop him stalking her. Swann can only just resist from following her, fearing that she will be angry about it, whereas she doesn’t think of him at all. He has a kind of a crisis about it and worries that everything she says is a lie. He hires a private investigator to look into someone he considers a rival, but he only discovers her dead uncle.

Proust returns to the motif of the senses provoking emotion, Odette is making orangeade which causes him to lose his suspicions of her (p289), it’s as if he can only trust her when he is in her presence, shortly after they are separated he begins to torture himself imagining her being with Forcheville. He loves her, but hates her at the same time. She is like a morphine addiction or consumption, just as Swann thinks he is breaking the habit or being cured he succumbs again (p298). 

Swann asks his friend Adolphe to intercede on his behalf, and it is here we see how cleverly Proust has tied the novel together, as Adolphe is the narrator’s great uncle Adolphe and the narrator has already encountered Odette as his mistress. Adolphe is not that helpful and Odette tells Swann later on that he tried to rape her. Adolphe certainly has come off quite badly so far in the novel, I am not sure here whether Odette is telling the truth or not, she does have motivation to manipulate, lie and generally prevent Swann from finding out what’s going on. He finds out that she has led a ‘gay’ life in Nice (prostitution) and worries that she might have done it out of a ‘capricious instinct’ which will led her into it again. He is not worried about her reputation. She is extremely mysterious about what she does when she is away from him. She is quite dismissive towards him, with little respect and it’s quite tragic how obsessed he is still with her.

He is persuaded by the Baron de Charlus to attend a horrible society party given by the Marquise de Saint-Euverte. He does not intend to go to the musical evening, but Charlus convinces him that it will not be as boring as he expects and he wants Charlus to intercede with Odette on his behalf. 

Although the narrator can be quite snobbish at times, Swann is not affected by mixing with people of different classes. Proust has an unerring eye for the foibles of society and wonderfully describes how the contemptuous sneering footmen treat his hat like it is some sort of holy relic whilst treating him as if he’s nothing. Some of the guests are portrayed as being ugly and deformed, and not many of them are all that upper-class. The Marquise de Gallardon claims kinship with the Guermantes family and basks in underserved reflected glory, name-dropping at every occasion. But the Princesse de Laumes, her young cousin, doesn’t recognise her or invite her anywhere so she deceives herself that she doesn’t want to be invited in case she meets the Princesse Mathilde there. However, in this case the cousin turns up. The Princesse de Laumes behaves in a really snobbish but also awkward way. She arrives ‘with her arms pressed close to her sides, even where there was no crowd to be squeezed through, no one attempting to get past her; staying purposely at the back with the air of being in her proper place, like a kind who stands in the waiting procession at the doors of a theatre where the management have been warned of his coming;’ (p318). She is so far back she can’t see properly, and refuses to pretend that she likes the music in a really obvious way like the woman next to her, and then starts to feel really unsure of herself like she should pretend. The music is a little old-fashioned anyway, and some of the audience feel bad for enjoying it (including de Laumes). 

Gallardon rushes towards de Laumes, simultaneously attempting to remain unfriendly and distant towards her whilst inviting her over. De Laumes doesn’t ‘do’ society or going out, however, so turns her down. Gallardon is rude and anti-Semitic towards Swann, but de Laumes is friends with Swann so shuts up Gallardon by pointing out that Swann has never turned up to her house despite the social climber inviting him numerous times.

I think this is a reminder to the reader that Swann is still considered to be an outsider by certain members of society, and has always been considered an outsider. He hasn’t really cared about the opinions of society, hence his affairs with women. This doesn’t matter that much to the highest echelons of society that he moves in, de Laumes still considers herself a friend of his, but it does matter to the social climbers who are secretly unsure of their own position in society. So far, the narrator has confined himself mainly to the social climbers, the awfulness of society parties is perfectly captured, along with the humour inherent in the characters that attend. 

There is a sense that the narrator is being rather snobbish towards them, but this is tempered by the way that De Laumes is not spared either, along with her awkward way in society she has a rather unfortunate marriage to her cousin, who has been continually unfaithful to her since she married him. 

Mme de Cambremer is admired, despite almost interrupting the piano recital. I have a feeling that she might be an important character later on by the way that the narrator ensures that she is continually mentioned, even though she doesn’t have that big a role in the party itself. Des Laumes doesn’t seem to have anything that good to say about her, however, nor about the Iénas, her husband’s friends, who have some old-fashioned furniture. She seems to be lashing out a little because her husband is probably having an affair with the Princesse d’Iéna, but the guests dismiss what she says as ‘the wit of the Guermantes’ (p325).

Swann is very fond of de Laumes, partly because she reminds him of Guermantes, which is close to Combrey. He is a little flirtatious to her, but I think it’s more in a friendly, gallant way than anything else. She finds him witty and finds his compliments amusing. She asks him about Mme de Cambremer, Swann tells her that she was a Legradin who originally came from Combrey. Although they don’t talk of Odette, he feels comforted by her anyway. 

The music also reminds him of Odette and provokes memories of happier times; sights, smells and sensations. The overwhelming feelings cause him to realise that he has no hope with her: ‘…Swann could distinguish, standing, motionless, before that scene of happiness in which it lived again, a wretched figure which filled him with such pity, because he did not at first recognise who it was, that he must lower his head, lest anyone should observe that his eyes were filled with tears. It was himself.’ (p338). Vinteuil’s sonata marks the beginning of his romance and the end. 

Whenever she is kind to him, instead of seeing it as a sign of a renewed affection he compares it to the kind of sensation a person feels who is nursing a friend suffering from a terminal illness and the friend has a kind of temporary relapse, although the person still realises that the friend is still going to die. He does not have the courage to end it himself. 

He dreams of going away on a train, leaving behind a young man on the platform whom he is trying to convince to go away with him. The young man reoccurs later in the narrative, where it is revealed that he is an aspect of Swann himself. Here, he represents the part of Swann who is happily in love with Odette, a part which Swann is trying to hold on to but has to reluctantly leave behind.  His relationship with her is a kind of gender reversal in that although he started off being the one who had all the power, his obsession with her somewhat emasculates him. She ends up with all the power, he submits to her and tries to get his friends to ‘put in a good word’ with her (which doesn’t work anyway). 

She plans to leave for Egypt with Forcheville, he is afraid to question her about whether she is his mistress in case she becomes angry. He also receives a letter anonymously saying that she had been the mistress of a number of men, including Forcheville, a number of women, and that she frequents ‘houses of ill-fame’. He is not that upset by the contents of the letter, just upset that someone who evidently knows him quite well would write an anonymous letter to him. It causes him to suspect all his close friends, including servants and the narrator’s grandfather, but doesn’t believe the letter.

He does, however, start to question Odette’s relationship with Mme. Verdurin, and he suspects that they had a lesbian affair. He questions her, but she denies it, eventually admitting that she is lying and she did have a relationship with a woman, something which he considers ‘evil’ (p345) and compares to some sort of disease he needs to prevent. He still loves her: ‘this Odette, from whom all this evil sprang, was no less dear to him, was, on the contrary, more precious, as if, in proportion as his sufferings increased at the same time the price of the sedative, of the antidote which this woman alone possessed.’ She tries to dismiss it, but he realises that she could’ve been lying all along. He goes to brothels to try to find out something about her.

She goes off on a cruise with the Verdurins which takes far longer than expected; meanwhile, Swann starts to extricate himself from her. However, he meets Mme Cottard who tells him that Odette was always talking about him on the cruise. Mme Cottard seems to try to re-awake his feelings of love for her, but he has decided not to see her again. 

A few weeks later he dreams of walking along the coast at twilight with Mme Verdurin, Dr. Cottard, a young man in a Fez, the painter, Odette, Napoleon III and the narrator’s grandfather (p360). He can feel the spray from the waves on his face and Odette tells him to wipe it off, but he feels ‘confused and helpless’ by her presence and is wearing his nightshirt. Mme Verdurin grows a bigger nose and a moustache; Odette loves him so much she is on the verge of tears but looks at her watch and decides she must go. He is unable to follow and feels that he hates her. They part and the painter tells him that Napoleon III has gone after Odette, which makes the young man cry. Dream Swann comforts him and he realises that the man in the fez is himself. Napoleon III is Forcheville. He has a vision of destruction, hearing the thunder of waves and the beating of his own heart, feeling sick and in pain, then encounters a ‘dreadfully burned peasant’ (p362) who tells him to ask Charlus about Odette and her friend who started the fire, then he wakes up.

Eric C. Hicks (‘Swann’s Dream and the World of Sleep’, Yale French Studies No. 34, Proust (1965), pp. 106-116) analyses Swann’s dream, linking the word éclaboussure meaning to ‘splatter’ (which Proust has used to describe the freezing spray) but also related to someone’s name being smeared and ‘to flaunt one’s magnificence (or wealth) in another’s face’. This is linked to Swann’s disgrace, along with Mme. Verdurin’s transformation linked to her reaction to something Forcheville has said about Swann and her general hostility to Swann (I also interpreted this as Swann’s subconscious reaction to discovering that Odette and Mme. Verdurin had had an affair, he feels emasculated). Mme Verdurin also prevents Swann from challenging Odette and her leaving followed by Napoleon III is reminiscent of her leaving in Forcheville’s carriage (Napoleon III was a notorious womanizer). As the man in the fez is a representation of a previous incarnation of Swann (Swann who loves Odette and is probably going to go with her to Egypt), the Odette who is about to cry and whom dream Swann feels he wants to carry off with him, is the previous incarnation of Odette who was trying to get Swann to love her (Swann notes that she looks sad when she tries to attract other lovers). Duality is a reoccurring motif throughout the dream, with the duality of Swann, Odette and Napoleon and Swann’s sensation that he can reproduce himself, as is binary opposition - light/dark, low/high, love/hate, up/down, and disorientating sensations such as the feeling of holding a strange hand and of being able to hear his own heart beating. I think the horribly burned peasant represents the destructiveness of Odette and Forcheville’s affair, Hicks’s theory is that the peasant is yet another part of past Swann.

Swann decides to go to Combrey to see Mme de Cambremer. He realises that he has misrepresented her to himself and wasted time and agony on her. His love for her is over.

Swann’s Way Part 4 – The Kiss

So, I left off at the point where Swann had found Odette after desperately searching for her. Now he invites her into his carriage to take her home.  

She is covered in cattleyas, holding a bunch, fastened to her swansdown plume and attached to the front of her dress. She is in a state of shock at seeing Swann, whom she probably assumed couldn’t be bothered to come to the Verdurin’s latest party. The carriage knocks them around a little, which makes her feel breathless; he is solicitous but will not allow her to speak, offering to adjust the flowers on her bodice which were loosened by the carriage bumping, to brush off some pollen that has fallen on her dress and to smell her flowers to see if they have lost their scent. She scarcely seems to know how to react to him, and he doesn’t’ seem to want her to speak or react that much. 

I wanted to do a close reading of the next part. 

He slipped his other hand upwards along Odette’s cheek; she fixed her eyes on him, with that languishing and solemn air which marks the women of the old Florentine’s paintings, in whose faces he had found the type of hers; swimming at the brink of her fringed lids, her brilliant eyes, large and finely drawn as theirs, seemed on the verge of breaking from her face and rolling down her cheeks like two great tears. She bent her neck, as all their necks may be seen to bend, in the pagan scenes as well as in the scriptural. And although her attitude was, doubtless, habitual and instinctive, one which she knew to be appropriate to such moments, and was careful not to forget to assume, she seemed to need all her strength to hold her face back, as though some invisible force were drawing it down towards Swann’s. And Swann it was who, before she allowed her face, as though despite her efforts, to fall upon his lips , held it back for a moment longer, at a little distance between her hands. He had intended to leave time for her mind to overtake her body’s movements, to recognise the dream which she had so long cherished and to assist at its realisation, like a mother invited as a spectator when a prize is given to the child whom she had reared and loves. Perhaps, moreover, Swann himself was fixing upon these features of an Odette not yet possessed, not even kissed by him, on whom he was looking now for the last time, that comprehensive gaze with which, on the day of his departure, a traveller strives to bear away with him in memory the view of a country to which he may never return. 

The first time I read this passage I thought it was beautiful, but on re-reading it I found that there are things about it that indicate that all is not as romantic as it first seems. Firstly there is the imagery of her seeming to be on the verge of tears. She ‘knew her attitude to be appropriate to such moments’ – although Swann may forget that Odette is really just a courtesan, the narrator doesn’t let the reader forget. He tries to resist her kiss; the narrator suggests that it is through wanting to prolong her perceived purity, but use of ‘intended’ seems to suggest that Swann has been planning it. The language Proust uses is not that of two lovers, he uses a simile related to a mother and child and to the kiss being like a child’s prize, and there is something a bit peculiar about it. Perhaps it is down to the sense that Swann feel protective towards her, although it is not sure whether Odette actually does need protecting or if her seeming innocence, deferral to Swann’s intelligence and behaving in a wifely way towards him is merely an act to seduce him which has evidently worked. Finally, the narrator returns to the theme of the traveller from the overture, although in this case it is not coupled with the imagery of the invalid, instead it is more to do with memory.

Odette is mostly seen through Swann’s obsession, but Swann himself is mostly seen through the narrator’s gaze and they are both complex characters who can be subject to multiple interpretations. There is a sense that in some ways the narrator romanticises both of them. Odette is an enigma, why does Swann seem to force himself to love her? It’s almost as if he is behaving like an aging roué who has to find some woman, any woman to settle down with, even a former courtesan. I suppose he has probably burnt his boats as far as respectable women are concerned as he has applied to all his acquaintances to meet different women. He is curiously shy and timid towards her, hiding behind the pretence of rearranging her flowers to make sexual advances towards her. 

The relationship completely changes him in that he gives up other women: ‘Swan was no longer the same man’ (p232). He goes to see Odette every night, getting her to play Vinteuil’s sonata which heightens and intensifies his love: ‘one would have said that he was inhaling an anaesthetic which allowed him to breathe more deeply’ (p234). I think the use of ‘anaesthetic’ here is telling – it is as if he has become ‘drugged’ by her. Love affects the senses, intoxicates. 

He knows very little about what she does during the day and little of her past, only that she was a ‘tart’ and a ‘kept woman’ previously. He believes that she is ‘incapable of not telling the truth’ (p237), demonstrated by her apparent embarrassment at being caught out in a white lie. He is disturbed by the thought of her life away from him. He recognises and accepts her lack of taste and intelligence and she hides away from society, fearing gossip from a former friend she fell out with, whereas he is instinctively at ease moving in all circles. The narrator suggests that he is ‘slumming it’ and stooping to her level (p243), changing his tastes and opinions to suit hers.

He deceives himself about the Verdurins, spending more and more time with them. Odette gets them to invite the Comte de Forcheville (brother-in-law to Saniette) to a terrible party. Forchville is extra vulgar and tries to seduce Odette, the doctor makes awful puns and Brichot (a visiting professor) is a big fraud. Swann is defensive towards Forcheville and Brichot because he fears that Odette may go off with one of them, so he offends everyone instead and the Verdurin’s lose respect for him. 

He is continually buying presents for Odette and bailing her out of financial problems, not considering that she may be a gold-digger but fearing that she will go off him if he doesn’t financially reward her. It is almost as if he is ill: ‘But that state of excitement into which Odette’s presence never failed to throw him, added to a feverish ailment which, for some time now, had scarcely left him’. (p265). One night, when she is feeling unwell and denies him sexual favours, he convinces himself that there is a man visiting and spies on her, but looks in the wrong window. 

Gold Digger! (link)

 He is tortured by his love for her and cannot take any pleasure in it. The reader knows what will happen, after all, Odette is highly likely to be the ‘unfortunate wife’ of the first part that he feel no love for and who seems to be an embarrassment. What isn’t known is how or why he gets to that stage, although the narrative clearly points to this love affair becoming a complete disaster for him.